The 2004 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency
(2004)
Ports and harbors:
Bangui, Nola, Salo, Nzinga
Airports:
50 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways:
total: 3
2,438 to 3,047 m: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 47 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 10 914 to 1,523 m: 23 under 914 m: 13 (2004 est.)
Military Central African Republic
Military branches:
Central African Armed Forces (FACA): Republican Guard, Ground
Forces, Naval Forces, Air Force
Military manpower - military age and obligation:
18 years of age for voluntary and compulsory military service (2001)
Military manpower - availability:
males age 15–49: 878,980 (2004 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service:
males age 15–49: 460,469 (2004 est.)
Military expenditures - dollar figure:
$14.5 million (2003)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP:
1.1% (2003)
Transnational Issues Central African Republic
Disputes - international:
internal political instabilities with fighting and violence overlap
into Chad and CAR, leaving refugees and rebel groups in both
countries; Sudan has pledged to work with CAR to stem violent
skirmishes over water and grazing rights among related pastoral
populations along the border
Refugees and internally displaced persons:
refugees (country of origin): 36,479 (Sudan), 1,864 (Chad), 6,484
(Democratic Republic of the Congo)
IDPs: 200,000 (unrest following coup in 2003) (2004)
This page was last updated on 10 February, 2005
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@Chad
Introduction Chad
Background:
Chad, part of France's African holdings until 1960, endured three
decades of ethnic warfare as well as invasions by Libya before a
semblance of peace was finally restored in 1990. The government
eventually suppressed or came to terms with most political-military
groups, settled a territorial dispute with Libya on terms favorable
to Chad, drafted a democratic constitution, and held multiparty
presidential elections in 1996 and 1997. In 1998, a new rebellion
broke out in northern Chad, which sporadically flares up despite two
peace agreements signed in 2002 and 2003 between the government and
the rebels. Despite movement toward democratic reform, power remains
in the hands of a northern ethnic oligarchy.
Geography Chad
Location:
Central Africa, south of Libya
Geographic coordinates:
15 00 N, 19 00 E
Map references:
Africa
Area:
total: 1.284 million sq km
water: 24,800 sq km
land: 1,259,200 sq km
Area - comparative:
slightly more than three times the size of California
Land boundaries:
total: 5,968 km
border countries: Cameroon 1,094 km, Central African Republic 1,197
km, Libya 1,055 km, Niger 1,175 km, Nigeria 87 km, Sudan 1,360 km
Coastline:
0 km (landlocked)
Maritime claims:
none (landlocked)
Climate:
tropical in south, desert in north
Terrain:
broad, arid plains in center, desert in north, mountains in
northwest, lowlands in south
Elevation extremes:
lowest point: Djourab Depression 160 m
highest point: Emi Koussi 3,415 m
Natural resources:
petroleum, uranium, natron, kaolin, fish (Lake Chad)
Land use: arable land: 2.86% permanent crops: 0.02% other: 97.12% (2001)
Irrigated land:
200 sq km (1998 est.)
Natural hazards:
hot, dry, dusty harmattan winds occur in north; periodic droughts;
locust plagues
Environment - current issues:
inadequate supplies of potable water; improper waste disposal in
rural areas contributes to soil and water pollution; desertification
Environment - international agreements:
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered
Species, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping
Geography - note:
landlocked; Lake Chad is the most significant water body in the
Sahel
People Chad
Population:
9,538,544 (July 2004 est.)
Age structure:
0–14 years: 47.9% (male 2,297,490; female 2,269,801)
15–64 years: 49.3% (male 2,245,586; female 2,459,796)
65 years and over: 2.8% (male 107,594; female 158,277) (2004 est.)
Median age:
total: 16 years
male: 15.3 years
female: 16.7 years (2004 est.)
Population growth rate:
3% (2004 est.)
Birth rate:
46.5 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Death rate:
16.38 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Net migration rate:
−0.11 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
15–64 years: 0.91 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.68 male(s)/female
total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Infant mortality rate: