The 2004 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

The 2004 CIA World Factbook - United States. Central Intelligence Agency


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18 years of age; universal and compulsory

      Executive branch:

       chief of state: President Joseph KABILA (since 26 January 2001);

       note - following the assassination of his father, Laurent Desire

       KABILA, on 16 January 2001, Joseph KABILA succeeded to the

       presidency; the president is both the chief of state and head of

       government

       head of government: President Joseph KABILA (since 26 January 2001);

       note - following the assassination of his father, Laurent Desire

       KABILA, on 16 January 2001, Joseph KABILA succeeded to the

       presidency; the president is both the chief of state and head of

       government

       cabinet: National Executive Council, appointed by the president

       elections: prior to the overthrow of MOBUTU Sese Seko, the president

       was elected by popular vote for a seven-year term; election last

       held 29 July 1984 (next was scheduled to be held in May 1997);

       formerly, there was also a prime minister who was elected by the

       High Council of the Republic; note - a Transitional Government is

       drafting a new constitution with free elections scheduled to be held

       in NA 2005

       note: Joseph KABILA succeeded his father, Laurent Desire KABILA,

       following the latter's assassination in January 2001, negotiations

       with rebel leaders led to the establishment of a transitional

       government in July 2003 with free elections scheduled to be held in

       NA 2005

       election results: results of the last election were: MOBUTU Sese

       Seko Kuku Ngbendu wa Za Banga reelected president in 1984 without

       opposition

      Legislative branch:

       a 300-member Transitional Constituent Assembly established in

       August 2000

       elections: NA; members of the Transitional Constituent Assembly were

       appointed by former President Laurent Desire KABILA

      Judicial branch:

       Supreme Court or Cour Supreme

      Political parties and leaders:

       Democratic Social Christian Party or PDSC [Andre BO-BOLIKO]; Forces

       for Renovation for Union and Solidarity or FONUS [Joseph

       OLENGHANKOY]; National Congolese Lumumbist Movement or MNC [Francois

       LUMUMBA]; Popular Movement of the Revolution or MPR (three factions:

       MPR-Fait Prive [Catherine NZUZI wa Mbombo]; MPR/Vunduawe [Felix

       VUNDUAWE]; MPR/Mananga [MANANGA Dintoka Mpholo]); Unified Lumumbast

       Party or PALU [Antoine GIZENGA]; Union for Democracy and Social

       Progress or UDPS [Etienne TSHISEKEDI wa Mulumba]; Union of

       Federalists and Independent Republicans or UFERI (two factions:

       UFERI [Lokambo OMOKOKO]; UFERI/OR [Adolph Kishwe MAYA])

      Political pressure groups and leaders:

       NA

      International organization participation:

       ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AU, CEPGL, FAO, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO,

       ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO,

       Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, MIGA, NAM, OPCW

       (signatory), PCA, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UPU, WCL,

       WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO

      Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Faida MITIFU FAX: [1] (202) 234–2609 telephone: [1] (202) 234–7690, 7691 chancery: 1800 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009

      Diplomatic representation from the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Aubrey HOOKS embassy: 310 Avenue des Aviateurs, Kinshasa mailing address: Unit 31550, APO AE 09828 telephone: [243] (88) 43608 FAX: [243] (88) 43467

      Flag description:

       light blue with a large yellow five-pointed star in the center and

       a columnar arrangement of six small yellow five-pointed stars along

       the hoist side

      Economy Congo, Democratic Republic of the

      Economy - overview:

       The economy of the Democratic Republic of the Congo - a nation

       endowed with vast potential wealth - has declined drastically since

       the mid-1980s. The war, which began in August 1998, has dramatically

       reduced national output and government revenue, has increased

       external debt, and has resulted in the deaths from war, famine, and

       disease of perhaps 3.5 million people. Foreign businesses have

       curtailed operations due to uncertainty about the outcome of the

       conflict, lack of infrastructure, and the difficult operating

       environment. The war has intensified the impact of such basic

       problems as an uncertain legal framework, corruption, inflation, and

       lack of openness in government economic policy and financial

       operations. Conditions improved in late 2002 with the withdrawal of

       a large portion of the invading foreign troops. Several IMF and

       World Bank missions have met with the government to help it develop

       a coherent economic plan, and President KABILA has begun

       implementing reforms. Much economic activity lies outside the GDP

       data. Economic stability, aided by international donors, improved in

       2003. New mining contracts have been approved, which - combined with

       high mineral and metal prices - could improve Kinshasa's fiscal

       position and GDP growth.

      GDP:

       purchasing power parity - $40.05 billion (2003 est.)

      GDP - real growth rate:

       6.5% (2003 est.)

      GDP - per capita:

       purchasing power parity - $700 (2003 est.)

      GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 55% industry: 11% services: 34% (2000 est.)

      Population below poverty line:

       NA

      Household income or consumption by percentage share:

       lowest 10%: NA

       highest 10%: NA

      Inflation rate (consumer prices):

       14% (2003 est.)

      Labor force:

       14.51 million (1993 est.)

      Labor force - by occupation:

       NA

      Unemployment rate:

       NA (2003 est.)

      Budget:

       revenues: $269 million

       expenditures: $244 million, including capital expenditures of $24

       million (1996 est.)

      Agriculture


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