The 2001 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

The 2001 CIA World Factbook - United States. Central Intelligence Agency


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      Electricity - consumption: 9.386 billion kWh (1999)

      Electricity - exports: 0 kWh (1999)

      Electricity - imports: 25 million kWh (1999)

      Agriculture - products: bananas, coffee, cocoa, rice, potatoes, manioc (tapioca), plantains, sugarcane; cattle, sheep, pigs, beef, pork, dairy products; balsa wood; fish, shrimp

      Exports: $5.6 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)

      Exports - commodities: petroleum, bananas, shrimp, coffee, cocoa, cut flowers, fish

      Exports - partners: US 37%, Colombia 5%, Italy 5%, Chile 5%, Peru 4% (1999)

      Imports: $3.4 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)

      Imports - commodities: machinery and equipment, raw materials, fuels; consumer goods

      Imports - partners: US 30%, Colombia 13%, Venezuela 6%, Japan 5%,

       Venezuela 6%, Mexico 3% (1998)

      Debt - external: $15 billion (1999)

      Economic aid - recipient: $695.7 million (1995)

      Currency: US dollar (USD)

      Currency code: USD

      Exchange rates: sucres per US dollar - 25,000 (January 2001), 24,988.4 (2000), 11,786.8 (1999), 5,446.6 (1998), 3,988.3 (1997), 3,189.5 (1996)

      note: on 7 January 2000, the government passed a decree "dollarizing" the economy; on 13 March 2000, the National Congress approved a new exchange system whereby the US dollar is adopted as the main legal tender in Ecuador for all purposes; on 20 March 2000, the Central Bank of Ecuador started to exchange sucres for US dollars at a fixed rate of 25,000 sucres per US dollar; since 30 April 2000, all transactions are denominated in US dollars

      Fiscal year: calendar year

      Ecuador Communications

      Telephones - main lines in use: 899,000 (1997)

      Telephones - mobile cellular: 160,061 (1997)

      Telephone system: general assessment: NA

      domestic: facilities generally inadequate and unreliable

      international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)

      Radio broadcast stations: AM 392, FM 27, shortwave 29 (1998)

      Radios: 4.15 million (1997)

      Television broadcast stations: 15 (including one station on the

       Galapagos Islands) (1997)

      Televisions: 1.55 million (1997)

      Internet country code: .ec

      Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 13 (2000)

      Internet users: 20,000 (2000)

      Ecuador Transportation

      Railways: total: 965 km

      narrow gauge: 965 km 1.067-m gauge (2000)

      Highways: total: 43,197 km

      paved: 8,165 km

      unpaved: 35,032 km (1999 est.)

      Waterways: 1,500 km

      Pipelines: crude oil 800 km; petroleum products 1,358 km

      Ports and harbors: Esmeraldas, Guayaquil, La Libertad, Manta, Puerto

       Bolivar, San Lorenzo

      Merchant marine: total: 30 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 233,312 GRT/385,784 DWT

      ships by type: cargo 2, chemical tanker 1, liquefied gas 1, passenger 3, petroleum tanker 22, specialized tanker 1 (2000 est.)

      Airports: 180 (2000 est.)

      Airports - with paved runways: total: 59

      over 3,047 m: 2

      2,438 to 3,047 m: 5

      1,524 to 2,437 m: 18

      914 to 1,523 m: 15

      under 914 m: 19 (2000 est.)

      Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 121

      914 to 1,523 m: 32

      under 914 m: 89 (2000 est.)

      Heliports: 1 (2000 est.)

      Ecuador Military

      Military branches: Army (Ejercito Ecuatoriano), Navy (Armada

       Ecuatoriana, includes Marines), Air Force (Fuerza Aerea

       Ecuatoriana), National Police (Policia Nacional)

      Military manpower - military age: 20 years of age

      Military manpower - availability: males age 15–49: 3,382,567 (2001 est.)

      Military manpower - fit for military service: males age 15–49: 2,280,899 (2001 est.)

      Military manpower - reaching military age annually: males: 132,978 (2001 est.)

      Military expenditures - dollar figure: $720 million (FY98)

      Military expenditures - percent of GDP: 3.4% (FY98)

      Ecuador Transnational Issues

      Disputes - international: none

      Illicit drugs: significant transit country for cocaine and derivatives of coca originating in Colombia and Peru; importer of precursor chemicals used in production of illicit narcotics; important money-laundering hub; increased activity on the northern frontier by trafficking groups and Colombian insurgents

      ======================================================================

      @Egypt

      Egypt Introduction

      Background: Nominally independent from the UK in 1922, Egypt acquired full sovereignty following World War II. The completion of the Aswan High Dam in 1971 and the resultant Lake Nasser have altered the time-honored place of the Nile river in the agriculture and ecology of Egypt. A rapidly growing population (the largest in the Arab world), limited arable land, and dependence on the Nile all continue to overtax resources and stress society. The government has struggled to ready the economy for the new millennium through economic reform and massive investment in communications and physical infrastructure.

      Egypt Geography

      Location: Northern Africa, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between

       Libya and the Gaza Strip

      Geographic coordinates: 27 00 N, 30 00 E

      Map references: Africa

      Area: total: 1,001,450 sq km

      land: 995,450 sq km

      water: 6,000 sq km

      Area - comparative: slightly more than three times the size of New

       Mexico

      Land boundaries: total: 2,689 km

      border countries: Gaza Strip 11 km, Israel 255 km, Libya 1,150 km, Sudan 1,273 km

      Coastline: 2,450 km

      Maritime claims: contiguous zone: 24 NM

      continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation

      exclusive economic zone: 200 NM

      territorial sea: 12 NM

      Climate: desert; hot, dry summers with moderate winters

      Terrain: vast desert plateau interrupted by Nile valley and delta

      Elevation extremes: lowest point: Qattara Depression −133 m

      highest point: Mount Catherine 2,629 m

      Natural resources: petroleum, natural


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