Vegetable Teratology. Maxwell T. Masters
Inula dysenterica!
Tragopogon porrifolium.
Cnicus palustris.
Carduus arvensis!
Helianthus tuberosus!annuus.
Cineraria palustris.
Helianthus sp.!
Dahlia variabilis.
Bellis perennis inflor.!
Coreopsis sp.!
Crepis virens.
Lactuca sativa!
Zinnia elegans.
*Campanula medium!rapunculoides.thyrsoidea.
Dipsacus pilosus.fullonum.silvestris.
Knautia arvensis.
Phyteuma orbiculare.
Jasione montana.
*Linaria purpurea!
Antirrhinum majus!
Veronica amethystea.
Veronica maritima.sp.
Russellia juncea!
Digitalis purpurea!
Ajuga pyramidalis.
Hyssopus officinalis.
Dracocephalum moldavicum.
Myosotis scorpioides.
Echium pyrenaicum.simplex.
Stapeliæ sp.
Lysimachia vulgaris!
Androsace maxima.
Primula veris inflor.!denticulata inflor.!
Polemonium cœruleum.
Convolvulus sepium!arvensis!
Plantago media.
*Euphorbia Characias.exigua.*Cyparissias.
Suæda maritima.
*Celosia sp.
Beta vulgaris inflor.!
Phytolacca sp.
β. Woody.
Berberis vulgaris.
Hibiscus syriacus!
Acer pseudo-platanus!
Dodonæa viscosa.
Sterculia platanifolia.
Euonymus japonicus!
Vitis vinifera inflor.!
Spartium Scoparium!
Spartium junceum!
Cytisus Laburnum.nigricans.
Chorozema ilicifolium.
Amorpha sp.
Phaseolus sp.
Prunus sylvestris.Laurocerasus!
Rosa sp.!
Spiræa sp.!
Cotoneaster microphylla!
Ailanthus glandulosus.
*Fraxinus Ornus!*excelsior!
Melia Azedarach.
Xanthoxylum sp.!
Sambucus nigra.!
Aucuba japonica.
Erica sp. cult.
Jasminum nudiflorum!officinale!
Olea europœa.
Punica Granatum.
Ilex aquifolium!
Daphne indica.
Daphne odora.
Suæda fruticosa.
Ulmus campestris.
Alnus incana.
Salix vitellina, &c.!
Thuja orientalis.
Pinus pinaster!sylvestris!
Abies excelsa!
Taxus baccata.
Larix europœa.
Endogens.
Lilium Martagon.candidum!
*Fritillaria imperialis!
Asparagus officinalis!
Hyacinthus orientalis!
Tamus communis!
Narcissi sp.!
Gladiolus sp.
Zea Mays.
Filices.
See also—Moquin-Tandon, 'Elem. Ter. Veget.,' p. 146; C. O. Weber, 'Verhandl. Nat. Hist.,' Vereins, f. d. Preuss., Rheinl. und Westphal., 1860, p. 347, tab. vii; Hallier, 'Phytopathol.,' p. 128; Boehmer, 'De plantis Fasciatis,' Wittenb., 1752.
Cohesion of foliar organs.—This takes place in several ways, and in very various degrees; the simplest case is that characterised by the cohesion of the margins of the same organ, as in the condition called perfoliate in descriptive works, and which is due either to a cohesion of the margins of the basal lobes of the leaf, or to the development of the leaf in a sheathing or tubular manner. As an abnormal occurrence, I have met with this perfoliation in a leaf of Goodenia ovata. The condition in question is often loosely confounded with connation, or the union of two leaves by their bases. In other cases the union takes place between the margins of two or more leaves.
Cohesion of margins of single organs.—The leaves of Hazels may often be found with their margins coherent at the base, so as to become peltate, while in other cases, the disc of the leaf is so depressed that a true pitcher is formed. This happens also in the Lime Tilia, in which genus pitcher- or hood-like leaves (folia cucullata) may frequently be met with. There are trees with leaves of this character in the cemetery of a Cistercian Monastery at Sedlitz, on which it is said that certain monks were once hung: hence the legend has arisen, that the peculiar form of the leaf was given in order to perpetuate the memory of the martyred monks. ('Bayer. Monogr. Tiliæ,' Berlin, 1861.) It is also stated that this condition is not perpetuated by grafting.
Fig. 8.—Pitcher-shaped leaf of Pelargonium.
I have in my possession a leaf of Antirrhinum majus, and also a specimen of Pelargonium, wherein the blade of the leaf is funnel-like, and the petiole is cylindrical, not compressed, and grooved on the upper surface, as is usually the case. A comparison of the leaves of Pelargonium peltatum with those of P. cucullatum ('Cav. Diss.,' tab., 106) will show how easy the passage is from a peltate to a tubular leaf. In these cases the tubular form may rather be due to dilatation than to cohesion. M. Kickx[16] mentions an instance of the kind in the leaves of a species of Nicotiana, and also figures the leaf of a rose in which two opposite leaflets presented themselves in the form of stalked cups. Schlechtendal[17] notices