The Fundamentals of Bacteriology. Charles Bradfield Morrey

The Fundamentals of Bacteriology - Charles Bradfield Morrey


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       Type species, Sarcina ventriculi Goodsir.

       Genus 8. Rhodococcus Zopf, 1891, emended Winslow and Rogers, 1905; cocci with red pigment.

       Type species, Rhodococcus rhodochrous Zopf.

       Family V—Bacteriaceæ Cohn, 1872, emended by Committee of 1917; bacilli without spores not above included.

       Tribe I—Chromobactereæ Committee of 1919; producing red or violet pigment, mainly water forms.

       Genus 1. Erythrobacillus Fortineau, 1905.

       Type species, Erythrobacillus prodigiosus (Ehrenberg, 1848) Fortineau.

       Genus 2. Chromobacterium Bergonzini, 1881.

       Type species, Chromobacterium violaceum Bergonzini.

       Tribe II—Erwineæ Committee 1919; plant pathogens.

       Genus 3. Erwinia Committee 1917.

       Type species, Erwinia amylovora (Burrill, 1883) Committee 1917.

       Tribe III—Zopfeæ Committee of 1919; Gram +, no pigment, non-carbohydrate-fermenting.

       Genus 4. Zopfius Wenner and Rettger, 1919.

       Type species, Zopfius zopfii (Kurth) Wenner and Rettger.

       Tribe IV—Bactereæ Committee of 1919; Gram −, carbohydrate fermenters.

       Genus 5. Proteus Hauser, 1885; liquefy gelatin.

       Type species, Proteus vulgaris Hauser.

       Genus 6. Bacterium Ehrenberg, 1828, emended Jensen, 1909; liquefy gelatin rarely.

       Type species, Bacterium coli.

       Tribe VI—Lactobacilleæ Committee of 1919; Gram +, high acid, thermophils.

       Genus 7. Lactobacillus Beijerinck, 1901.

       Type species, Lactobacillus caucasicus (Kern?) Beijerinck; Bulgarian bacillus.

       Tribe VI—Pasteurelleæ Committee of 1919; organisms of hemorrhagic septicemia.

       Genus 8. Pasteurella Trevisan, 1888.

       Type species, Pasteurella cholerae-gallinarum (Flügge, 1886); Trevisan.

       Tribe VII—Hemophileæ Committee of 1917; require hemoglobin for growth.

       Genus 9. Hemophilus Committee of 1917.

       Type species, Hemophilus influenzae (Pfeiffer, 1893) Committee of 1917.

       Family VI—Bacillaceæ Fischer, 1895. Spore forming rods.

       Genus 1. Bacillus Cohn, 1872; aerobic, no change of form around the spore.

       Type species, Bacillus subtilis Cohn.

       Genus 2. Clostridium Prazmowski, 1880; anaërobic, frequently enlarged around spore.

       Type species, Clostridium butyricum Prazmowski.

      As compared with Migula’s classification it is to be noted that there are 38 genera listed by the Committee instead of 13 in the same general groups.

      The following list of Genera conservanda submitted by the Committee was formally adopted by the Society and these are therefore its official names for the organisms included in these genera.

       Acetobacter Fuhrman

       Actinomyces Harz

       Bacillus Cohn

       Bacterium Ehrenberg

        Chromobacterium Bergonzini

       Clostridium Prazmowski

       Erythrobacillus Fortineau

       Leptotrichia Trevisan

       Leuconostoc Van Tieghem

       Micrococcus Cohn

       Rhizobium Frank

       Sarcina Goodsir

       Spirillum Ehrenberg

       Staphylococcus Rosenbach

       Streptococcus Rosenbach

       Vibrio Müller

       It is greatly to be desired that the Society’s Classification when finally completed shall become the standard in the United States at least.

       Such names as have been adopted by the Society are used throughout this work.

      The Committee also submitted the following artificial key for determining the genera in the two orders ACTINOMYCETALES AND EUBACTERIALES:

       A—Typically filamentous forms … … . … Actinomycetacae

       B—Mycelium and conidia formed … … . … Actinomyces

       BB—No true mycelium

       C—Cells show branching

       D—Gram negative … … . … Actinobacillus

       DD—Gram positive … … . … Erysipelothrix

       CC—Cells never branch. Gram positive threads later fragmenting into rods … … . … Leptotrichia

       AA—Typically unicellular forms (though chains of cells may occur)

       B—Cells spherical—COCCACEÆ

       C—Parasitic forms (except Leuconostoc), cells generally grouped in pairs or chains, never in packets, generally active fermenters.

       D—Cells in flattened coffee-bean-like pairs, gram - … … . … .Neisseria

       DD—Not as D

       E—Saprophytes in zoögloea masses in sugar solutions … … . … .Leuconostoc

       EE—Not as E. Gram +.

       F—Cells in lanceolate pairs or in chains. Growth on media not abundant.

       G—Cells in lanceolate pairs. Inulin generally fermented … … . … .Diplococcus

       GG—Cells in chains. Inulin not generally fermented … … . … .Streptococcus

       FF—Cells in irregular groups. Growth in media fairly vigorous. White or orange pigment … … . … .Staphylococcus

       CC—Saprophytic forms. Cells in irregular groups or packets, not in chains. Fermentative powers low.

       D—Packets … … . … Sarcina

       DD—No packets.

       E—Yellow pigment … … . … Micrococcus

       EE—Red pigment … … . … Rhodococcus

       BB—Rods:

       C—Spiral rods

       D—Short, comma-like rods. One to three flagella … … . … .Vibrio

       DD—Long spirals. Five to twenty flagella … … . … .Spirillum

       CC—Straight rods.

       D—No endospores.

       E—Rods of irregular shape or showing branched or filamentous involution forms.

       F—Cells irregular in shape. Staining unevenly. Animal parasites.

       G—Acid fast … … . … Mycobacterium

       GG—Not acid fast.

       H—Cells


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