The 2001 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

The 2001 CIA World Factbook - United States. Central Intelligence Agency


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      Belize Transnational Issues

      Disputes - international: Guatemala periodically asserts claims to territory in southern Belize; to deter cross-border squatting, both states in 2000 agreed to a "line of adjacency" based on the de facto boundary, which is not recognized by Guatemala

      Illicit drugs: minor transshipment point for cocaine; small-scale illicit producer of cannabis for the international drug trade; minor money-laundering center

      ======================================================================

      @Benin

      Benin Introduction

      Background: Dahomey gained its independence from France in 1960; the name was changed to Benin in 1975. From 1974 to 1989 the country was a socialist state; free elections were reestablished in 1991.

      Benin Geography

      Location: Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Nigeria and Togo

      Geographic coordinates: 9 30 N, 2 15 E

      Map references: Africa

      Area: total: 112,620 sq km

      land: 110,620 sq km

      water: 2,000 sq km

      Area - comparative: slightly smaller than Pennsylvania

      Land boundaries: total: 1,989 km

      border countries: Burkina Faso 306 km, Niger 266 km, Nigeria 773 km, Togo 644 km

      Coastline: 121 km

      Maritime claims: territorial sea: 200 NM

      Climate: tropical; hot, humid in south; semiarid in north

      Terrain: mostly flat to undulating plain; some hills and low mountains

      Elevation extremes: lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m

      highest point: Mont Sokbaro 658 m

      Natural resources: small offshore oil deposits, limestone, marble, timber

      Land use: arable land: 13%

      permanent crops: 4%

      permanent pastures: 4%

      forests and woodland: 31%

      other: 48% (1993 est.)

      Irrigated land: 100 sq km (1993 est.)

      Natural hazards: hot, dry, dusty harmattan wind may affect north in winter

      Environment - current issues: inadequate supplies of potable water; poaching threatens wildlife populations; deforestation; desertification

      Environment - international agreements: party to: Biodiversity,

       Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental

       Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban,

       Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands

      signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

      Geography - note: no natural harbors

      Benin People

      Population: 6,590,782

      note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2001 est.)

      Age structure: 0–14 years: 47.32% (male 1,574,124; female 1,544,741)

      15–64 years: 50.38% (male 1,607,900; female 1,712,360)

      65 years and over: 2.3% (male 64,756; female 86,901) (2001 est.)

      Population growth rate: 2.97% (2001 est.)

      Birth rate: 44.23 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)

      Death rate: 14.51 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)

      Net migration rate: 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)

      Sex ratio: at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female

      under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female

      15–64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female

      65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female

      total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2001 est.)

      Infant mortality rate: 89.68 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)

      Life expectancy at birth: total population: 49.94 years

      male: 49.02 years

      female: 50.88 years (2001 est.)

      Total fertility rate: 6.23 children born/woman (2001 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: 2.45% (1999 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: 70,000 (1999 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - deaths: 5,600 (1999 est.)

      Nationality: noun: Beninese (singular and plural)

      adjective: Beninese

      Ethnic groups: African 99% (42 ethnic groups, most important being

       Fon, Adja, Yoruba, Bariba), Europeans 5,500

      Religions: indigenous beliefs 50%, Christian 30%, Muslim 20%

      Languages: French (official), Fon and Yoruba (most common vernaculars in south), tribal languages (at least six major ones in north)

      Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read and write

      total population: 37.5%

      male: 52.2%

      female: 23.6% (2000)

      Benin Government

      Country name: conventional long form: Republic of Benin

      conventional short form: Benin

      local long form: Republique du Benin

      local short form: Benin

      former: Dahomey

      Government type: republic under multiparty democratic rule; dropped Marxism-Leninism December 1989; democratic reforms adopted February 1990; transition to multiparty system completed 4 April 1991

      Capital: Porto-Novo is the official capital; Cotonou is the seat of government

      Administrative divisions: 6 provinces; Atakora, Atlantique, Borgou, Mono, Oueme, Zou; note - six additional provinces have been reported but not confirmed; they are Alibori, Collines, Couffo, Donga, Littoral, and Plateau; moreover, the term "province" may have been changed to "department"

      Independence: 1 August 1960 (from France)

      National holiday: National Day, 1 August (1960)

      Constitution: December 1990

      Legal system: based on French civil law and customary law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

      Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal

      Executive branch: chief of state: President Mathieu KEREKOU (since 4 April 1996); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

      head of government: President Mathieu KEREKOU (since 4 April 1996); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

      cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president

      elections: president reelected by popular vote for a five-year term; runoff election held 22 March 2001 (next to be held NA March 2006)

      election results: Mathieu KEREKOU reelected president; percent of vote - Mathieu


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