«Порог толерантности». Идеология и практика нового расизма. Виктор Шнирельман
W. Multiculturalism and the challenge of anthropology // Social research. 1992. Vol. 59. № 4. P. 850–857.
9
Shaeffer R. K. Understanding globalization. The social consequences of political, economic, and environmental change. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 1997; Rapport N., Dawson A. (eds.). Migrants of identity. Perceptions of home in a world of movement. Oxford: Berg, 1998.
10
Marcus G. E., Fisher M. M. J. Anthropology as cultural critique. Chicago: The Univ. of Chicago Press, 1999.
11
Hall S. The question of cultural identity // S. Hall, D. Held and T. McGrew (eds.). Modernity and its futures. Cambridge: Polity Press in association with the Open University, 1992. P. 274–316; Roseberry W. Multiculturalism and the challenge of anthropology. P. 841–858; Friedman J. Cultural identity and global process. London: Sage, 1994; Featherstone M. Undoing culture. Globalization, postmodernism and identity. London: Sage, 1995; Appadurai A. Modernity at large. Cultural dimensions of globalization. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1996; Solomos J., Back L. Racism and society. London: MacMillan, 1996. P. 121–155; Werbner P., Modood T. (eds.). Debating cultural hybridity. Multi-cultural identities and the politics of anti-racism. London: Zed Books, 1997; Cornell S., Hartmann D. Ethnicity and race. Making identities in a changing world. Thousand Oaks, London: Pine Forge Press, 1998; Meyer B., Geschiere P. Globalization and identity: dialectics of flow and closure. Oxford: Blackwell, 1999; Baker L. D. (ed.). Life in America. Identity and everyday experience. Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2004.
12
Solomos J., Back L. Racism and society. London: MacMillan, 1996. P. 122–123.
13
Shanklin E. Anthropology and race. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing Company, 1994; Idem. The profession of the color blind: sociocultural anthropology and racism in the 21st century // American Anthropologist. 1998. Vol. 100. № 3. P. 669–679; Mukhopadhyay C. C., Moses Y. T. Reestablishing ‘race’ in anthropological discourse // American Anthropologist. 1997. Vol. 99. № 3. P. 517–533.
14
Cornell S., Hartmann D. Ethnicity and race. P. 4, 12, 23; Nicholson P. Y. Who do we think we are? Race and nation in the modern world. London: M. E. Sharp, 1999. P. 197.
15
Benedict R. Race and racism. London: George Routledge and Sons, 1942. P. 98.
16
Birdsell J. B. Human evolution. An introduction to the new physical anthropology. Chicago: Rand McNally College Publishing Company, 1975. P. 536–553. Об идеологемах классического американского расизма см. также: Park R. E. Race and culture. London: The Free Press of Glencoe, 1964. P. 309–310.
17
Шийк А. Расовая проблема и марксизм. М.: Научно-исследовательская ассоциация по изучению национальных и колониальных проблем, 1930. С. 13–14.
18
Нацистское определение «расы» неизменно включало положение о полном соответствии духовных характеристик физическим. См.: Mosse G. L. Nazi culture. Intellectual, cultural and social life in the Third Reich. Madison: the University of Wisconsin Press, 1966. P. 62.
19
Todorov T. On human diversity. Nationalism, racism and exoticism in French thought. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard Univ. Press, 1993. P. 91–94.
20
Winant H. Racism today: continuity and change in the post-civil rights era // Ethnic and Racial Studies. 1998. Vol. 21. № 4. P. 761. См. также: Idem. Race and race theory // Annual Review of Sociology. 2000. Vol. 26. P. 169–185.
21
Banton M. The concept of racism // Zubaida S. (ed.). Race and racialism. London: Tavistock, 1970. P. 18.
22
Banton M. Historical and contemporary modes of racialization // Murji K., Solomos J. (eds.). Racialization: studies in theory and practice. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005. P. 51–52.
23
Kühl S. The Nazi connection: eugenics, American racism and German National Socialism. New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1994. P. 70–71.
24
Mazrui A. A. Dr. Schweitzer’s racism // Transition. 1991. Issue 53. P. 97. Похоже, что именно о «патерналистском» расизме пишет Пола Батлер, критикуя протестантскую церковь. См.: Butler P. Shattering the comfort zone: ethical and political aspects of anti-racism research in churches // Dei G. J. S., Johal G. S. (eds.). Critical issues in anti-racist research methodologies. New York: Peter Lang, 2005. P. 125–143.
25
Об этой разновидности расизма см.: Bonnett A. Anti-racism. London: Routledge, 2000. P. 40–42.
26
См., напр.: Gilroy P. Between camps: nations, cultures and the allure of race. London: Routledge, 2004. P. 276–277.
27
De Rudder V., Poiret Ch., Vourc’h F. L’inégalité raciste. L’universalité républicaine à l’épreuve. Paris: Presses Universitaire de France, 2000. P. 35.
28
Wieviorka M. The arena of racism. London: Sage, 1995. P. 103–116.
29
Lentin A. Racism and anti-racism in Europe. London: Pluto Press, 2004. P. 45–58.
30
Fredrickson G. M. Racism: a short history. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton Univ. Press, 2002. P. 5. О связи расизма с биологизацией культуры см.: Там же. P. 7–8.
31
Ibid. P. 140–141.
32
Schuman H. Sociological racism // Trans-Action. December 1969. Vol. 7. P. 44–48.
33
Майлз Р., Браун М. Расизм. М.: РОССПЭН, 2004. С. 77.
34
Результатом