Epitome of the Pharmacopeia of the United States and the National Formulary. Torald Hermann Sollmann
(10%) and sodium bicarbonate (20%).
Uses: Irrational acetanilid preparation. The caffeine does not diminish the toxicity, nor does the bicarbonate increase the solubility of acetanilid, as was at one time supposed.
Dosage: 0.3 Gm. or 5 grains (N.F.).
Acetonum (Aceton.), Acetone, U.S.P. (Dimethyl-Ketone).
A colorless liquid, with an ethereal odor and a pungent sweetish taste. Miscible with water, alcohol, ether and chloroform.
Action and Uses: Pharmaceutic solvent.
*Acetphenetidinum (Acetphen.), Acetphenetidin, U.S.P. (Phenacetin).—C6H4(OC2H5).NH.CH3CO.
White, odorless, slightly bitter, crystalline scales or powder. Very slightly soluble in water (1:1310), soluble in alcohol (1:15) and in chloroform (1:14).
Action and Uses: Analgesic, antipyretic and, in excessive doses, a cardiac depressant. Used particularly for the relief of headache and neuralgic pains and in the treatment of mild fevers. A habit-forming drug. If used for a long period of time, it may produce a severe anemia.
Dosage: 0.3 Gm. or 5 grains (U.S.P.), in powders or capsules. If small doses fail to relieve headache, larger doses are also usually ineffective.
*Acidum Aceticum (Acid. Acet.), Acetic Acid, U.S.P.—Acetic acid CH3.COOH (about 36.5%).
Action and Uses: Caustic and rubefacient. In the form of vinegar, is antidote to alkalies.
Acidum Aceticum Dilutum (Acid. Acet. Dil.), Diluted Acetic Acid, U.S.P.—CH3COOH (about 6%).
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims.
Acidum Aceticum Glaciale (Acid. Acet. Glac.), Glacial Acetic Acid, U.S.P.—CH3COOH.
A colorless liquid, with a vinegar-like odor and a pungent, sour taste. Miscible with water or alcohol.
*Acidum Benzoicum (Acid. Benz.), Benzoic Acid, U.S.P.—C6H5.COOH. Obtained from benzoin or prepared synthetically.
Lustrous, almost colorless scales or needles, with a pungent, acid taste. Slightly soluble in water (1:275) and freely soluble in alcohol (1:2.3); also readily soluble in solutions of alkali hydroxides or carbonates with the production of alkali benzoates.
Action and Uses: Mild antiseptic and diuretic.
Dosage: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.), best given in the form of soluble benzoates (see under Sodii Benzoas).
*Acidum Boricum (Acid. Bor.) Boric Acid, U.S.P. (Boracic Acid).—H3BO3.
Colorless, odorless scales or powder with a faintly bitter taste. Soluble in water and in alcohol (1:18); freely soluble in glycerin (1:4).
Action and Uses: Mild antiseptic and astringent.
Dosage: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.), in solution. A watery solution, ranging from 2 per cent. to saturated, is used in the treatment of conjunctivitis, cystitis, etc. Externally used as dusting powder.
*Glyceritum Boroglycerini (Glycer. Boroglyc.), Glycerite of Boroglycerin, U.S.P.—Boroglycerin in glycerin representing 31% boric acid.
Liquor Antisepticus (Liq. Antisept.), Antiseptic Solution, N.F.—Boric acid (2.5%), thymol, eucalyptol, methyl salicylate, oil of thyme, menthol, sodium salicylate and sodium benzoate in alcohol and water.
Uses: Needlessly complex aromatic mouthwash.
*Unguentum Acidi Borici (Ung. Acid. Bor.), Ointment of Boric Acid, U.S.P.—Boric acid (10%) in paraffin and white petrolatum.
Acidum Bromauricum (Acid. Bromaur.), Bromauric Acid, N. F.—Corresponds to not less than 32 per cent. of metallic gold.
A dark-brown, odorless solid, with a metallic acid taste. Very soluble in water and in alcohol.
Action and Uses: “Alterative” apparently of no value.
Dosage: 0.006 Gm. or 1/10 grain (N.F.).
Liquor Auri et Arseni Bromidi (Liq. Aur. et Arsen. Brom.), Solution of Gold and Arsenic Bromide, N.F.—Contains hydrogen bromaurate (HAuBr4) and arsenic acid (H3AsO4) obtained by oxidizing a solution of arsenous oxide with bromine and adding bromauric acid.
Dosage: 0.2 Cc. or 3 minims (N.F.).
Acidum Citricum (Acid. Cit), Citric Acid, U.S.P.
Colorless, odorless crystals. Very soluble in water (1:0.5) and in alcohol (1:1.8).
Action and Uses: Substitute for lemon juice; also substitute for dilute hydrochloric acid in the treatment of gastric hypoacidity.
Dosage: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.), in solution.
Syrupus Acidi Citrici (Syr. Acid. Cit.), Syrup of Citric Acid, U.S.P.—Citric acid (1%), flavored with tincture of lemon peel, in syrup.
Uses: Vehicle for salty substances such as bromides.
Acidum Formicum (Acid. Formic), Formic Acid, N.F.—HCOOH (about 25%).
A clear, colorless liquid, with a characteristic pungent odor, and an acid reaction.
Action and Uses: Externally as caustic irritant, but without advantage over mustard. Internally as slightly irritant diuretic, but without advantage over nitrates. The elixirs containing various formates are intended as tonics, but there is no good evidence that they have such action. They are needlessly complex and irrational.
Dosage: 0.3 Cc. or 5 minims (N.F.).
Elixir Formatum (Elix. Format.), Elixir of Formates, N.F.—Potassium formate (5%), sodium formate (5%) and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 15 per cent.
Dosage: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).
Elixir Formatum Compositum (Elix. Format. Co.), Compound Elixir of Formates, N.F.—Sodium formate (3%), magnesium formate (2.5%), strontium formate (2.5%), lithium formate (1%), quinine formate (0.8%), compound spirit of cardamom, acetic ether, alcohol, glycerin and distilled water. Absolute alcohol content about 9.9 per cent.
Dosage: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).
Spiritus Acidi Formici (Sp. Ac. Formic.), Spirit of Formic Acid, N.F. (Spiritus Formicarum, Spirit of Ants).—Formic acid (4%) in distilled water and alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 70 per cent.
Uses: Rubefacient.
Dosage: 4 Cc or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
Acidum Gallicum (Acid. Gallic.), Gallic Acid, U.S.P.
An odorless, almost white powder, with an astringent taste. Soluble in water (1:87) and freely soluble in alcohol (1:4.6) and in glycerin (1:10).
Action and Uses: Mild astringent; not very effective.
Dosage: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).
Acidum Hydriodicum Dilutum (Acid. Hydriod. Dil.), Diluted Hydriodic Acid, U.S.P.—HI (about 10%).
A colorless, odorless liquid, with a strong acid taste. Incompatible with alkalies and their carbonates, also with metallic oxides and salts of silver and of lead.
Action and Uses: Has the general properties of iodides.
Dosage: 0.5 Cc. or 8 minims (U.S.P.), diluted. Administered chiefly in the form of syrup as a substitute for the alkali iodides, over which it has no material advantage.
Syrupus Acidi Hydriodici (Syr. Acid. Hydriod.), Syrup of Hydriodic Acid, U.S.P.—Hydriodic acid (about 1.25%).
Dosage: