Epitome of the Pharmacopeia of the United States and the National Formulary. Torald Hermann Sollmann
in alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 80 per cent.
Uses: Protective and local stimulant, especially by inhalation.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).
*Benzosulphinidum (Benzosulphinid.), Benzosulphinide, U.S.P. (Saccharin, Glusidum).
A white, nearly odorless powder with an intensely sweet taste even in dilute solutions. Slightly soluble (1:290) in water and soluble (1:31) in alcohol and readily dissolved by ammonia water or by a solution of alkali hydroxides or of sodium bicarbonate.
Action and Uses: Sweetening agent in diabetes mellitus; about 500 times as sweet as sugar, weight for weight.
Berberis (Berber.), Berberis, N.F. (Oregon Grape Root).—Rhizome and roots.
Action and Uses: Probably similar to, but without advantage over, hydrastis.
Dosage: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).
Fluidextractum Berberidis (Fldext. Berberid.), Fluidextract of Berberis, N.F.—Berberis (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.
Dosage: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).
Betaeucainae Hydrochloridum (Betaeucain. Hydrochl.), Betaeucaine Hydrochloride, U.S.P. (Eucaine Chloride, Eucaine; also known as Benzamine Hydrochloride).
A white, odorless powder. Soluble in water (1:30) and in alcohol (1:35).
Action and Uses: Local anesthetic.
Dosage: In a 2 or 3 per cent. solution for the eye or 5 to 10 per cent. solution for the nose and throat.
*Betanaphthol (Betanaph.), Betanaphthol, U.S.P. (Naphthol).
Colorless or pale buff crystalline laminae or white or yellowish powder, with a faint phenol odor and a pungent taste. Only slightly soluble in water (1:1000) and very soluble in alcohol (1:0.8).
Action and Uses: Antiseptic, somewhat stronger than phenol and less toxic. Used in skin affections, and as intestinal antiseptic and anthelmintic for hookworm.
Dosage: Internally, 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.). Externally as a 3 to 5 per cent. ointment.
Pasta Betanaphtholis (Past. Betanaphthol.), Betanaphthol Paste, N.F. (Lassar’s Naphthol Paste).—Betanaphthol (10%) and precipitated sulphur (50%) in petrolatum and soft soap.
Petroxolinum Betanaphtholis (Petrox. Betanaphthol.), Betanaphthol Petroxolin, N.F. (Betanaphthol Petrox).—Betanaphthol (10%) in liquid petroxolin.
Bismuthi Betanaphtholas (Bism. Betanaph.), Bismuth Betanaphthol, U.S.P. (Bismuth Betanaphtholate; also sold as Orphol).—Of somewhat varying composition.
A buff-colored or grayish-brown, nearly odorless, tasteless powder. Nearly insoluble in water or alcohol.
Action and Uses: Used as an intestinal antiseptic, being decomposed into its constituents in the intestine, where it exerts the effects of bismuth salts and of betanaphthol.
Dosage: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.).
Bismuthi et Ammonii Citras (Bism. et Ammon. Cit.), Bismuth and Ammonium Citrate, U.S.P. (Bismuth Ammoniocitrate).
Shining, pearly or translucent, odorless scales or white powder, with a metallic taste. Very soluble in water and sparingly soluble in alcohol.
Action and Uses: Somewhat astringent and irritating; should not be used as a substitute for the insoluble salts of bismuth. Its use in “bismuth elixirs” is irrational.
Dosage: 0.125 Gm. or 2 grains (U.S.P.).
Bismuthi et Sodii Tartras, Bismuth and Sodium Tartrate.
Uses: An irrational method of administering bismuth.
Elixir Bismuthi (Elix. Bismuth.), Elixir of Bismuth, N.F.—Glycerite of bismuth (12.5%), in glycerin, water and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 10 per cent.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).
Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum, Ferri et Bismuthi (Elix. Cinchon. Ferr. et Bism.), Elixir of Cinchona Alkaloids, Iron and Bismuth, N.F. (Elixir Cinchonae, Ferri et Bismuthi, N.F. III, Elixir of Calisaya, Alkaloidal, with Iron and Bismuth).—Glycerite of bismuth (6.5%), elixir of cinchona, alkaloids and iron (about 87%) and water. Absolute alcohol content about 17 per cent.
Dosage: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).
Glyceritum Bismuthi (Glycer. Bismuth.), Glycerite of Bismuth, N.F.—A solution of bismuth and sodium tartrate.
Liquor Bismuthi (Liq. Bism.), Solution of Bismuth, N.F.—Glycerite of bismuth (12.5%), in alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 12 per cent.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm. (N.F.).
Bismuthi Oxidum, Bismuth Oxide.
Magma Bismuthi (Magma Bism.), Bismuth Magma, U.S.P. (Milk of Bismuth).—A suspension in water of bismuth hydroxide and bismuth subcarbonate, forming a thick, white opaque liquid.
Uses: Used similarly to bismuth subcarbonate, over which it has no advantage.
Dosage: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.).
*Bismuthi Subcarbonas (Bism. Subcarb.), Bismuth Subcarbonate, U.S.P.—Of varying chemical composition.
White or nearly white, odorless, tasteless powder. Insoluble in water or alcohol.
Action and Uses: Used like other insoluble salts of bismuth as a protective and healing agent against wounds, diarrheas, etc., and in x-ray work.
Dosage: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.) in powders or cachets or in suspension (best form).
*Bismuthi Subgallas (Bism. Subgall.), Bismuth Subgallate, U.S.P. (Dermatol).—A basic bismuth gallate of varying chemical composition.
Bright yellow, odorless, tasteless powder. Insoluble in water or alcohol.
Action and Uses: Similar to those of bismuth subcarbonate, over which it has no advantage.
Dosage: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.).
*Bismuthi Subnitras (Bism. Subnit.), Bismuth Subnitrate, U.S.P.—Basic bismuth nitrate of varying chemical composition.
A heavy, white, odorless, almost tasteless powder. Almost insoluble in water and insoluble in alcohol. In aqueous mixtures, incompatible with alkali carbonates because of the liberation of nitric acid.
Action and Uses: Somewhat more astringent than the subcarbonate, because of the liberation of nitric acid.
Dosage: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.). Preferably administered as a powder or as cachets.
Bismuthi Subsalicylas (Bism. Subsalicyl.), Bismuth Subsalicylate, U.S.P.—Basic bismuth salicylate, of varying chemical composition.
A white or nearly white, odorless, tasteless powder. Almost insoluble in water or alcohol.
Action and Uses: Protective and astringent like other insoluble salts of bismuth, over which it has no marked advantage.
Dosage: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.).
Boldo (Boldo), Boldo, N.F. (Boldo Leaves).
Action and Uses: Aromatic, perhaps somewhat diuretic. No well defined indications for its use.
Dosage: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (N.F.).
Fluidextractum Boldi (Fldext. Boldi), Fluidextract of Boldo, N.F.—Boldo (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 80 per cent.
Dosage: 0.5 Cc. or 8 minims (N.F.).
Brayera (Brayer.), Brayera, N.F. (Kousso, Cusso).—Flowers.
Action and Uses: Teniacide; without advantage over aspidium or pelletierine.